IPADS

IPHONES

KINDLE

Theories

Hypodermic needle theory
Users and gratifications
news values
moral panics
reality TV /polls
media technology and the digital revolution
Liberal pluralisation

Issues and Debates
Media effects
Immediacy
Post modernism
Post-postmodernism is a term applied to a wide-ranging set of developments in critical theory, philosophy, architecture, art, literature, and culture which are emerging from and reacting to postmodernism.
Gender and Ethnicity
Post-industrial society
· If a nation becomes "post-industrial" it passes through, or dodges, a phase of society predominated by a manufacturing-based economy and moves on to a structure of society based on the provision of information, innovation, finance, and services.

Key quotes
“The iPad has proven to be a medium in which news can be delivered in a very compelling format “ http://www.thedrum.co.uk/opinion/2012/01/24/scotsman-ipad-app-fails-offer-improvements-over-simple-rss-reader

“With the rise of the iPad, Kindle, and similar eReaders and touchscreen devices, tablet-shaped form factor computing power has become much more portable and yet sizable. This holds great promise for educators on par with the introduction of slates, which swept across classrooms at the turn of the century before last. Back then, the personal transcription device of chalk and stone slate tablets was seen as revolutionary.”

“There are different theories to explain the steady decline of newspaper circulation in America. Millions of Americans now have access to the Internet or to cable news sources, which provide much quicker and much cheaper information about what is happening in the world.” http://www.thenewamerican.com/index.php/economy/sectors-mainmenu-46/3437-newspaper-circulation-continues-decline Bruce walker

Marxism- ‘the theory of the communist’s capitalist production therefore develops technologies and the combining together of various processes into a social whole’ source- Marxism and media studies (Mike Wayne 2003)

“The rise of neomarxism in social science represented in part a reaction against 'functionalist' models of society. Functionalists seek to explain social institutions in terms of their cohesive functions within an inter-connected, socio-cultural system.

Moral panic

http://blogs.wsj.com/tech-europe/2011/07/11/women-and-children-first-technology-and-moral-panic/%20

Functionalism did not account for social conflict, offered useful insights into class conflict.” http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:NG8Je7qSEg0J:www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/marxism/marxism01.html+marxism+in+the+media&cd=2&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=uk Daniel Chandler

Gramsci and Hegemony- ‘'Consent must be constantly won and rewon, for people's material social experience constantly reminds them of the disadvantages of subordination and thus poses a threat to the dominant class’. Source- aber.ac.uk/media

"In many democracies, the wealthy class can be said to have hegemony over the middle class and the poor. Wealthy individuals can contribute the most money to the campaigns of certain political candidates, political parties or causes. " http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-hegemony.htm

Post Modernity-‘The media are dominating our culture. We live in the information age, not only because of the internet, but because of TV channels, radio-channels, newspapers, magazines and books’ Article by (Andreas Saugstad)

The idea of the postmodern or postmodernity as an historical condition or position (political/ economic/ social), an era we're still supposedly in regardless of anyone's state of awareness.
vs. an intentional movement in the arts, culture, philosophy, and politics that uses various strategies to subvert what is seen as dominant in modernism or modernity. http://www9.georgetown.edu/faculty/irvinem/theory/pomo.htmlSimplifying to the extreme, I define the postmodern as incredulity toward metanarratives.
--Lyotard

Globalisation-’we cannot wait for governments to do it all. Globalization operates on Internet time. Governments tend to be slow moving by nature, because they have to build political support for every step.” Kofi Annan (thinkexit.com)

‘Glocalisation’ combines the words ‘globalisation’ and ‘localisation’ to emphasise the idea that a global product or service is more likely to succeed if it is adapted to the specific requirements of local practices and cultural expectations.

Karl Marx- ‘The ideas of the ruling class are in every epoch the ruling ideas, i.e., the class which is the ruling material force of society, is at the same time its ruling intellectual force’. (Marxism and Culture)

Liberal Pluralism- ‘There are multiple independent, sometimes competing sources of authority over our lives’

Liberal Pluralism

Media Assumptions:

1. Media help to give voice to all views and to provide a forum for public debate.

2. Media provide the information necessary for citizens to act.

3. Media are independent of the power of economics and government.

4. Media serve as an independent institution keeping watch over self-serving government and excessive influence of special interest groups.

5. Assumes an information as opposed to a social constructivist model of communication.

http://journalism.uoregon.edu/~cbybee/j201/overheads/liberal_plural_media.htm

organization, and new classes in society” Daniel Bell http://newlearningonline.com/new-learning/chapter-3-learning-for-work/daniel-bell-on-the-post-industrial-society “In the liberal-pluralist view, the media are seen as mirrors, reflective of the achieved cultural consensus. ... Most students of the media today in Canada operate from the viewpoint of a modified liberal pluralism Politics, society, and the media” Book - Paul Wingfield Nesbitt-Larking - 2007


Articles
http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2010/jul/20/times-paywall-readership

http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/organgrinder/2009/feb/06/why-newspapers-will-survive?INTCMP=SRCH ABC figures show another decline in newspaper circulation, former Trinity Mirror executive Richard Webb argues that many will find ways to survive.

ipad-kindle-newspapers-digital-print Ipad vs. Newspapers

http://craigmod.com/journal/ipad_and_books/

http://bigexports.com/the-kindle-fire-threatens-the-hegemony-of-the-ipad.html

The Kindle Fire threatens the hegemony of the iPad

http://www.ctoedge.com/content/mobile-computing-transform-videoconferencing Mobile Computing to Transform Videoconferencing

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/03/business/media/mass-market-paperbacks-fading-from-shelves.html?pagewanted=all

http://bigexports.com/the-kindle-fire-threatens-the-hegemony-of-the-ipad.html

The Kindle Fire threatens the hegemony of the iPad
Posted by mark on January 15th, 2012 05:45 AM
“Their value to society; the curious nature of their ownership; their potential for greater efficiency; their sheer ingenuity and resourcefulness” - Richard Webb

Case study
I have decided to choose this topic for my case study as I find it is reflective of society’s own preferences due to rising number of consumers possessing tablets instead of newspapers and traditional books. This impact has created a decline in newspapers, causing a significant conflict between the traditional world’s verse the post modernistic and post industrial world.

TEXT	PLATFORM (broadcast, print, e-media)	YEAR OF PRODUCTION
Ipad	E media Tablet	Wi-Fi model (U.S.): April 3, 2010
Iphone	Multimedia smart phone	June 29, 2007
Amazon Kindle	Print/online	November 19, 2007

Theories that relate
Marxism- This relates as there is a divide between social classes, so poor and wealthy. So this means that wealthy and poor have different wants, and causes social class divides as wealthier people will purchase Ipads/kindles instead of books.

Hegemony - control over the ruling class

Post industrial society

Post modernism

Has new and digital media had an impact upon ownership and control of the media institution(s) involved in your case study area? Explain in detail any impact and what exactly has changed.

The rise of Ipads, Kindles and smart phones has drastically influenced sale rates and production of print platform.Amazon is selling these devices for so little because the company wants to get them in as many people’s hands as possible. Amazon plans on making their money from selling content like Kindle ebooks, MP3s, streaming videos, and apps and not from selling the tablets themselves.

2.What impact has there been on the way in which the audience now consume the media products/ texts involved in your case study? How does it differ from what went before? Consider (SHEP)
Audiences have a greater choice of what to watch because there are so many more smartphones ,i pads kindles available.
Online viewing makes watching TV more convenient for audiences as they can watch things in their own time on ipads.

What impact has there been on how the media institution now has to produce the texts and the way in which the texts/ products are distributed and exhibited?
Media institutions’ are now under more pressure, such as traditional newspaper industries due to the rising figures of kindles. On trains and buses they are higher number of people who read on kindles than books this has put a strain also on newspaper and bookstores.

Is the size of the audience any different now than before the impact of new and digital media (or has the pattern of usage changed)? E.G. consider for the impact of new and digital media on TV broadcasting the change in audience ratings for programmes as a consequence of the deregulation of TV. (Prior to deregulation audience figures could be 20m+ for Eastenders etc to a situation today where, due to the massive number of channels now available, audiences are vastly reduced and fragmented)less audiences would have used kindles and i pads in the beginning due to their high prices,but this all depends on social class and wealth (Marxism) as the price went lower book prices went lower to enhance competitiveness.

Who are the primary target audience now and has this changed? Who was it before and how do you know?

The primary target audience now for kindles and ipads have hit the lower soci economic class due to lower costs of kindles and Ipads. No more are ipads are considered as a luxury ,but have a more diverse primary target audience in contrast to the typical business man /soci economic class A,B etc.

PAST TEXT	CURRENT TARGET AUDIENCE + NEW TEXT	ORIGINAL TARGET AUDIENCE	HOW DO YOU KNOW?
Books /Newspapers	Ipad Soci economic range B,C working class	Soci economic class A and B	Shift in prices, as in lower prices of gadgets being available have caused higher volume of consumers to posses more advanced technological gadgets.
Books	Kindle Soci economic range B,C working class	Soci economic class A and B	Shift in prices, as in lower prices of gadgets being available have caused higher volume of consumers to posses more advanced technological gadgets
Newspapers	Iphone Soci economic range B,C working class	Soci economic class A and B	Shift in prices, as in lower prices of gadgets being available have caused higher volume of consumers to posses more advanced technological gadgets

How have the audience responded to the changes? Is there more customer choice? Is there evidence of a more pluralistic model? What evidence do you have to support this?

What concerns/ considerations are there (if any) for the media institutions involved in your case study as a result of the impact of new and digital media? (e.g. deskilling or multi-skilling of the workforce/ decline in workforce etc) The concerns which are being considered within the media institutions based around my case study include the competitive aspects between the kindle and i pad themselves and other new advanced institution coming into the market,which have similar features to the ipad and iPhone. Furthermore there is likely to be a positive outcome within the workforce as there is likely to be a demand ,in both books being supplied as well as ipads,kindles and i phones being manufactures to reach rising demands of consumers.http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2012/feb/27/apple-pulls-evi-from-app-store < competition.

8. What are the political and social implications of the new technologies and the methods of their consumption? E.g. moral panics etc? There is likely to be some political and social implications of the new technologies of ipads and kindles/i phones ,due to their methods of consumption. This may lead to a more concentrated technology dependent society as well as a dumbing down due to students etc being able to just take out their phone etc and receive new and information straight away (immediacy) in relation to children getting their information from books.

9. Consider the effects so far, and possible effects in the future, on media institutions involved in your case study (media production).

There are likely to be series of effects and possible effects in the future on the media institutions involved in my case study as there is likely to be more competitors rising within the future ,so institutions will be wary off over throwers . For instance if Google perhaps make their own phone much more innovative ,consumers are likely to question whether they should buy the iPhone/ipad or kindle.

What issues may there be regarding media effects and /or regulation/ censorship as a result of changes due to new and digital media? Regulation wise there may not be any censhorship or effects on the digital media.

Are there any cross-cultural factors and /or effects of globalisation involved in the impact of new technology on your case study? E.g. the internet has been said to be ‘globalizing culture’ through its promotion of the English language. Well due to the immediacy of knowledge from iPhone and ipads,society may be resorting to technology instead of actually getting information from a book source.

Consider theoretical perspectives in relation to the impact of new/ digital media in your case study. E.g. Representation of certain groups as a result of changes, Marxism & Hegemony, Liberal Pluralism, colonialism, audience theories etc.

Rupert Murdoch joins Twitter? 'Now this will be fascinating,' says Piers

Within hours, the media tycoon had amassed more than 14,000 followers and was giving them his views on everything from the US presidential election to his family holiday in the Caribbean.

The arrival on Twitter of one of society's most divisive figures was welcomed by some, but pilloried by many others.

Another tweet suggested Murdoch follow Tom Watson, the Labour MP whose dogged pursuit of the scandal has won him many fans.

Users of the micro blogging site have reacted with a mixture of incredulity and unabashed horror to a declaration , Murdoch had set up a verified account and would be gracing the site with his unique observations.

Media predictions for 2012: media business and advertising

Big plays by private equity have all but evaporated due to the difficulty of securing funding

Netflix's launch in the UK & Ireland next year will be one of the major strategic business moves of the year (well, that we know about) sparking an intense battle with, among others, Sky and Amazon's Love Film.

A forced sale attracts bargain-hunting predators and top of the list is Richard Desmond, owner of Expre"

Radio has managed to completely replace the major revenue loss from the government scrapping COI advertising," said Adam Smith, Futures director at Group M.ss Newspapers and Channel 5, who has form here, having offered £1bn for the Sun in 2009.

The only media that won't be benefiting from one of Sir Martin Sorrell's fabled "maxi quadrennial" years – when events such as the Olympics, US elections and Euro occur – is, unfortunately the press market.

IPads and Kindles force newspapers further away from print

The push for digital readers have seen newspapers like the Daily Mail win 5m unique visitors a day – compared with its printed sale of 2m – but struggle to generate revenues to match

iPads and Kindles force newspapers further away from print

Economics of the digital world are only too evident to the press as handheld devices strike a death knell for old business models

Unwrapped on Sunday – according to tentative analyst estimates – an influx of portable technology that is expected to hasten a decline in the already faltering sales of printed, adding pressure on traditional business models that have traditionally supported so many titles around the country.

Publishers, preparing for the handheld arrivals, took the chance to break with a tradition that dates back to 1912, when publishers agreed not to produce Christmas Day papers to give paperboys, among others, a day off. For the first time in its 190-year history the Sunday Times published a digital-only edition on 25 December – with the normally paid for product given away in the hope of luring sought after digital subscribers.

Readers and revenues will account for more than those from the printed business. During a typical week the number of people signing on digitally is "five to 10 times" what it was a year earlier, as the newspaper looks to a future beyond print.

There are commercial pressures in national media too. Although the tabloid media have faced criticism at the Leveson inquiry, not least from the likes of Hugh Grant or Steve Coogan, popular titles remain in fair commercial health.

The Guardian may generate £40m in digital revenues from its largely free offerings, but some of that comes from its dating sites.

Mest 3 : Critical Perspectives

Tuesday 27 March 2012

Wednesday 14 March 2012

Thursday 2 February 2012

The impact of new and digital media on print due to the rise of tablets and smartphones:

“The rise of neomarxism in social science represented in part a reaction against 'functionalist' models of society. Functionalists seek to explain social institutions in terms of their cohesive functions within an inter-connected, socio-cultural system.

Moral panic

http://blogs.wsj.com/tech-europe/2011/07/11/women-and-children-first-technology-and-moral-panic/%20

Functionalism did not account for social conflict, offered useful insights into class conflict.” http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:NG8Je7qSEg0J:www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/marxism/marxism01.html+marxism+in+the+media&cd=2&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=uk Daniel Chandler

http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2011/dec/25/ipad-kindle-newspapers-digital-print Ipad vs. Newspapers

http://craigmod.com/journal/ipad_and_books/

http://bigexports.com/the-kindle-fire-threatens-the-hegemony-of-the-ipad.html

http://www.ctoedge.com/content/mobile-computing-transform-videoconferencing Mobile Computing to Transform Videoconferencing

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/03/business/media/mass-market-paperbacks-fading-from-shelves.html?pagewanted=all

http://bigexports.com/the-kindle-fire-threatens-the-hegemony-of-the-ipad.html

Wednesday 25 January 2012

The impact of new and digital media on newspapers

Wednesday 11 January 2012

News International launches Sun - and News of the World - archive website

Thursday 5 January 2012

The Decline of Print Media Articles

Media predictions for 2012: media business and advertising

IPads and Kindles force newspapers further away from print